The article points out that the modernization of national governance is essentially a process of continuing the construction of a modern state, and the success or failure of national governance depends on the institutional logic of national governance and its effectiveness.

The author establishes a reference frame in both vertical and horizontal dimensions, analyzing the ideal prospect and realistic approach of the modernization of national governance, and discussing how to put the people centered development idea of the new era into practice. The author goes deep into the structure of Chinese traditional society and explores the Chinese traditional power logic. The article points out that the effectiveness of the power logic lies in the establishment and strengthening of the centralized system, and the improvement and development of the local control system. This power logic, because of its strong appeal for unification and sophisticated system design, jointly maintains an integrated and diversified ruling pattern. People under its control lack a conventional mechanism to effectively prevent officials from abusing power or even using public power for private purposes. Traditional Chinese power logic not only lacks the basis for self-discovery and modernization, but also hinders or even resists the modern transformation of national governance.

With the establishment of the People's Republic of China, especially since the reform and opening up, China's national governance logic has gradually changed from power based to rights based, the operation of government power has gradually become scientific and standardized, the protection of civil rights has been institutionalized and ruled by law, the subject of governance has changed from monism to pluralism, the orientation of governance has changed from order to fairness and justice, the way of governance has changed from the rule of law to the rule of law, and the governance structure has changed from closed to open. The above transformation process reshapes the relationship between society, market and government. Various changes brought about by reform and opening up have promoted the gradual transformation of national governance. The subject, orientation, mode and structure of national governance have all taken on an open and changing state, and the governance efficiency has taken on a new look with the continuous construction of power standard.

The key task of the modernization of national governance in the new era is to continuously promote the construction of modern governance logic basing on rights to ensure the coordinated operation of public life and political system, and to effectively transform institutional advantages into governance effectiveness. With the new changes and new characteristics of the time and space, the basic elements of the logical construction of the right of national governance have been outlined. Specifically, there are the following aspects: The first is to establish the foundation of the modernization of state governance with civil rights. Civil rights are the basic direction and final goal of the operation of state power. The foundation of modern state construction is set on civil rights, which lays the solid foundation of modern state governance. The second is to build consensus on the modernization of national governance with the rule of constitution. Only by implementing the Constitution can modern state governance ensure the coexistence and co-governance of multiple subjects, and can the state obtain the broad recognition and firm support of citizens. The third is to create the driving force for the modernization of national governance through cooperative action. Modern social conflicts are inevitable. Fair competition can bring order and justice. If cooperation is normal, fair competition can also create vitality and vitality. The fourth is to provide support for the modernization of national governance with public virtues. The key to the modernization of national governance lies in the modernization of people. Citizens should have public virtues and jointly commit to pursuing a good lifestyle and public action.

To sum up, in the new context, this paper points out that it is of profound theoretical and practical significance for the modernization of national governance in China to promote the transformation of the logic of national governance from an open perspective, to thoroughly eliminate the influence of the power standard and complete the construction of the right standard, and to constantly transform the institutional advantages into the effectiveness of national governance.